Gasoline Prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

mishandleoline Prices - Essay ExampleIncreased fuel termss forces American society to gamble alternative energy sources and motivates the government to invest more into research and development of the cars with less fuel using up and improving efficiency of the refinery sector.Crude oil prices have the major impact on natural gas prices. other(a) factors include refinery condenser in the coarse, gasoline inventories maintained by refiners which is going downward, regulatory environment (national standard atmosphere quality standards), and the structure of the gasoline market. It is important to note that mergers lead to anticompetitive effects because more power is addicted to merged companies who are able to increase prices above competitive level. The first wave of mergers has started in nineties in US when several competing with each other companies have merged. More than 2,500 mergers have occurred at that time - since 2000 only 8 mergers have occurred involving diffe rent market segments (exploration, production, and transportation) (Energy Markets Factors lend to Higher Gasoline Prices, 1).Refining capacity in the United States is not expanding at the same rate as demand for the gasoline. The American modal(a) refinery capacity is 92 percent - as the result, there is no room to expand production (Energy Markets Factors Contributing to Higher Gasoline Prices, 1). ... Experts attribute higher prices to the expending demand (particularly for the electricity production) while preparation is not expanding at the same rate. The balance of demand and supply is especially affected if demand or supply changes unexpectedly. For example, the prices went up at the end of year 2005 when two hurricanes hit the Gulf Coast region (Natural Gas Factors Affecting Prices and Potential Impacts on Consumers, 1). As it was noted above, the domestic refineries are already working at their full capacity and the fact that the gasoline is imported leads to the paucity of supply. According to market structure principles, the shortage of supply results in increased cost - people will buy gasoline despite of the price they pay.In 2004 the United States citizens have consumed approximately 20.5 billion barrels per day of crude oil accounting for as much as 25 percent of global production. Half of this crude oil was use for the production of gasoline. Data from the Energy Information Administration indicate that the capacity of American refineries is approximately 16.5 million barrels per day. Even though the refineries are upgraded, the majority of them have been built over 25 old age ago. By year 2020 the demand for gasoline is projected to increase by 20 percent and the country will not be able to satisfy the domestic demand. As Karen Matusic has noted, since May 2005 the demand for gasoline has increased by 3.3 percent while the price increased by 35 percent. From supply side, she continues, those refineries that has been destruct by hurrican es are operating now and the capacity utilization rate rose to 91.7 percent (Matusic, 1). disdain of the increased capacity, the price for gasoline is not

When Texting While Driving is to be Seriously Considered Essay

When Texting While Driving is to be Seriously Considered - Essay ExampleAs a technological device that is considered a necessity these days, the cell phone is so indispensable it is already do deaths be beat of its accustom level off when a person is busy driving. Driving on the separatewise hand, is an activity that requires the all-encompassing attention of individuals even if one is considered an expert on it so that using the phone or doing other things than driving lessens the required attentiveness the driver should have. Christopher Cooper investigates the possibility of texting turn driving being considered as a crime as suggested by the McDonalds legislation (msn.com), authored by Joyce McDonald, a Republican process of the Washington House of Representatives. The bill has a strong argument eyeing receiving and sending messages as possible distractions to the driver especially that the practice is prevalent among teenage drivers who may be breaking up with their lov ers over the phone, a possible circumstance that could affect a persons attention on the road. Despite the aforementioned(prenominal) plausible argument, the bill still has many f uprightnesss that make it questionable, unable to be passed as a law that will punish drivers who use their cell phones while on the road. For instance, texting as a reason for the criminalise of the use of cell phones while driving is very specific while the use of the device is sooner wide, making it difficult for officers to determine what the driver could have been using the mobile phone for in pillowcase one is apprehended. On another note, while it is true that cell phones distract the attention of drivers, there argon also other possible causes of car accidents that also need to be considered like eating, drinking (texting-while-driving.org) and the like. Texting-while-driving.org considers texting while driving as a dangerous activity comparable to Russian roulette. Although the site points on o ther activities of drivers that may cause car accidents, it sets the use of the cell phone on a high level because when texting, one has to use the other hand to compose messages or to manipulate the cell phone in order to read the messages. In addition, the driver has to look away from the road to his phone when he of necessity to read or compose a message, causing his attention to be divided which consequently places him in a dangerous situation. A phone call is also counted as a great cause for the distraction of a drivers attention from the road even if one claims the phone is a hands-free device because the conversations that take place require the driver to think and concentrate about what is being discussed thus, having a divided attention. Michael Austin (caranddriver.com) tries to explain the situation through an test where drivers where the speed of controvertion of their reactions to lights were taken into favor when they were concentrating on the road, when they were reading a message aloud and when they were encoding the text message. This has shown that texting distracts a driver to react to light in a longer time while reading a message takes even longer. Compared to being intoxicated which was also performed in the said experiment, by the same drivers, the difference was not significant, moment texting while driving is as dangerous as driving while intoxicated. A similar experiment was performed by a group from the University of Utah where they measured the response of participants to traffic rules and other road conditions as they use their cell phones to plan an evening activity together. The participants were given the instructions and were made sure that they knew how to use their short messaging services which was the primary means to the communication that was to take place while they were

Economics of Slavery and its Impact on Nation Essay

Economics of Slavery and its Impact on Nation - Essay ExampleAfrican slaves were bought cheaply in African countries, and shipped into the Caribbean in the hold, in much the same way as other commodities. They were non only kept by those with large amounts of land, but also by small farmers, and city dwellers.It is principally believed that the economics of large acreages of Cotton and Sugar, combined with low levels of servant indenture, meant that America came to rely upon slaves to work the land. It would beat been impossible to farm the vast amounts of these goods without slave labor, as liberated workers would have demanded pay, and probably better workings conditions and fewer hours slaves, on the other hand, were not employees, and could be worked in extreme conditions. African Slaves were able to repopulate, corresponding livestock, and were also supposed to be immune to Malaria and other diseases (Racism saw them as stronger, and better suited to somatogenetic labor th an white people) unlike Indian slaves, black people (at least in the early to middle 18th Century) stood out among the general population.

E cigarettes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

E hind ends - Research Paper ExampleThis idea will take in into the similarities in the physical description of the e cigarette and the cigarette. I shall discuss the chemic components that make up the e cigarette and whether smokers prefer one overlap over the some former(a) and why. consequently I shall conclude as to whether the cigarette or e cigarette is the better, healthier alternative to a quick nicotine fix. The similarities between the cigarette and e cigarette chief(prenominal)ly lies in the fact that they both look like regular cigarettes. But while one has to be lit and puffed on in order to draw out the nicotine, thus burning away the paper and tobacco base of the product, the e cigarette is electronic based and relies on an electronic delivery system to deliver liquid old salt into the system of the employmentr. The use of the e cigarette is described asElectronic cigarettes typically use a rechargeable battery-operated heating element to vaporize the nicotin e in a replaceable cartridge. Nicotine is usually dissolved in propylene glycol, a clear and colorless liquid that is commonly found in inhalers, cough medicines and other products. The only commonality between the regular cigarette and the e cigarette is the fact that they are both meant to cite a particular type of smoke flavor that smokers can easily recognize. However, the flavor is get upd in regular cigarettes by burning tobacco rolled in paper while the electronic cigarette creates the flavor using an atomized liquid. (Comparing Regular Cigarettes with Regular Cigarettes). In fact, both types of cigarettes are known to produce certain types of illnesses in their users that shall be discussed in later parts of this paper. Cigarettes evolved from the pipe that our forebears used to stuff with tobacco leaves and then burn while being sucked from one end of the pipe. To make it more convenient to use and carry, the paper burn based version was created. The smoker creates an unh ealthy vapor and tar by-product to each one time that he smokes a cigarette. The e cigarette on the other hand creates a pure vapor that looks like a harmless mist when exhaled. This particular type of cigarette does not produce 2nd hand smoke problems or get its smell into clothing, hair, or upholstery (Are e-Cigarettes Safer than Real Cigarettes?). Having state that, those who have made the switch from regular cigarettes to e cigarettes claim the aforementioned reason as the main basis for their switch from the real thing to the electronic version. The e cigarette is actually allowed in non-smoking places and other places where cigarettes would normally be banned. Although Hon Lik, the Chinese pharmacist who invented the e cigarette in 2003 had high hopes for the health benefits of his product when it was first introduced, the reality of the situation is that the product was released with very dinky product study and scientific observation. actually little is currently known a bout the e cigarette in terms of effects on the human body and whether it mimics the after effects of long term cigarette smoking as well. Although thither is existing information regarding the effects of tobacco and nicotine absorption and inhalation by people, there is very little to no information available pertaining to the effects of nicotine in liquid form. What would happen if the nicotine vial in the e cigarette were to come into direct contact with the skin? Are there any health hazards related to the prolong use of propylene glycol? These are some of the reasons that the American Food and Drug

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Economics - Essay Example(Simpson, et al., 1)The national hold in System is made up of twelve regional banks located in San Francisco, Dallas, Kansas City, Minneapolis, Chicago, St. Louis, Atlanta, Cleveland, Richmond, Philadelphia, New York, and Boston. esoteric banks own stock in the twelve regional banks, this is what funds the twelve national Re behave regional banks. The twelve regional banks are made up of regions listed belowAn some other component of the Federal Reserve System is the Federal Reserve tabular array of Governors. The Federal Reserve Board of Governors is appointed by the electric chair of the United States of America, but confirmed by the Senate. The seven member board serves can only serve a maximum of cardinal years, with a member serving one term at eon of two years. The only exception is the Chairman of the Board and the Vice Chairman, who serve four year terms. However, the fourteen year limit also applies to them. The only way a board member can be removed is by the president for cause. The current board members are Ben S. Benmanke, Chairman, Donald L. Kohn, Vice Chairman, Susan Schmidt Bies, Kevin M. Warsh, Randall S. Krosnzer, and Frederic S. Mishkin (The Federal Reserve Board). This Board of Governors is an independent governmental agency. They oversee the twelve regional banks, plus the numerous private banks owning stock in the regional reserve banks.The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is a committee made up of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, plus four other Federal Reserve Regional Bank presidents that serve on a alternate schedule. This committee reviews the surface market. The open market being the buying and selling of government securities. This way the committee can deposit monetary and credit conditions. The FOMC also oversees the foreign currency exchange rate. The FOMC is extremely important part of the Federal Reserve System,

The Major Attributes of the Fisher & Paykel Brands Essay

The Major Attributes of the Fisher & Paykel Brands - Essay ExampleAccording to the paper Fisher & Paykel read been successful in building their brand through the Customer Based Brand Equity (CBBE) simulate of consistently delivering on high quality. Their cutting edge design won them a household name. This modelling identifies four steps which denotes questions asked by the customers as diagrammatically illustrated below.This paper highlights that the second stage is mainly touch on with establishing brand meaning. Customers may not be at liberty to buy something they do not bring in hence the need to link brand with certain properties. The third question is about brand response where responses to identification and meaning are sought. The fourth question is about relationship where brand loyalty is created. The DCS developed its brand equity through building strong associations between a brand name and a category or set of benefits based on the CBBE model. On the other hand, ELBA developed through a consistent imagery through the use of the same model by Fisher and Paykel. This model is very important because it seeks to identify the stages involved in the creation of brand loyalty from grassroots level. The benefits and advantages of using brotherly communications or public relations (PR) as part of Fisher & Paykels integrated marketing communications strategy for rejuvenating the brand include the following.

Proof reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Proof reading - Essay ExampleThis is achieved by removing the device-specific hardware dependencies, which were previously part of almost any software ontogeny effort. Moreover, DirectX performance capabilities are similar or equal to those provided in DOS but allows hardware to be fully utilized.Multi-agent systems deal with the construction of composite plant systems involving multiple agents and their coordination. A multi-agent system (MAS) is a distributed computing system with autonomous interacting intelligent agents that coordinate their actions so as to achieve its goal(s) jointly or competitively.Agent technologies are now being applied to the development of large-scale commercial and industrial software systems. Such systems are complex, involving hundreds, perhaps thousands of agents and there is a closet need for system modeling techniques that permit their complexity to be effectively managed, along with principled methodologies to exact the process of system desig n. With knocked out(p) adequate techniques to support the design process, such systems will not be sufficiently reliable, maintainable or extensible, will be difficult to comprehend, and their elements will not be re-usable.Kinetics calls into dissemble a large number of concepts that are new to AI, for example, corporation, coordination and satisfaction. The difference between AI and dynamics is that with AI it is the individual that is intelligent, whereas with kinetics it is the organization that displays functionalities that can be characterized as intelligent.The main goal of the distributed system is the carrying out of tasks by making the best use of physically distributed resources (for example, memory, processor, data managers). On the other hand, the system of kinetics is much more open. The multi-agent system takes an overview and summary of the problem of interaction between individual entities, considering the distributed system as being merely one possible

International Real Estate Investments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

International Real Estate Investments - analyze ExampleThe metropolis would deport to buy this land from the private investor, for which it would pay a premium, and then signifier homes on this land and sell or rent them for less than market value. This would not be a smart business practice for a city and it would lead to an outcry from citizens when taxpayers money was spent on something that most taxpayers were not even benefiting from. Also, other social programs would have to suffer because of this practice, which would also hurt city planners and the city in general. There are bigger ask in many cities than affordable house since people will find a way to pay for housing before they will do other things. In addition, most major cities have run out of room within the city and the residents have now begun retreating to the suburbs. The problem with this is that low-income housing units are not welcome in these regions. The people that have moved out of the city have moved t here to get rid of the stereotypical problems that get with low-income inhabitants and, therefore, affordable housing units would not be welcomed in this region. An example of this is James Vacca making sure that developers do not evade the new restrictions. He said he recently noticed someone create a three-family house, something not allowed under the new rules. He complained to the buildings department about it, and about subsequent adjustments until the detergent builder agreed to construct a one family house with two parking spaces instead1 Gotham Gazette. 21 October 2005. The amount of private property ownership, combined with the escalating price of real estate, has made it very difficult to impart affordable housing for the population in or around any major city. London, in particular, is having a major affordable housing crisis because of its booming economy and drastic population growth so it needs to look at the examples that are provided by other cities.

Parthenon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Parthenon - Essay ExampleThe mental synthesis is a work of synchronicity and precision. The earliest Hellenic structures date back to the 6th century BCE. at that place were two large temples dedicated to Athena. In 480 BC the Persians destroyed them, and in 447 BCE, the Athenian leader Pericles ordered the erection of the Parthenon. The form of the temple represents the matrimony of minimalism and authority. That is why it is so important to unexampled architects. It demonstrates how a building is not only function but also form. It is both art and science middling yet practical. This balance is perhaps the most striking element of the Parthenon. It is rare even in modern architecture to find such poise. The architects of Dubai are approaching a contemporary equivalent with their more innovative ideas.The Greek Parthenon is a building par excellence. Here, I have identified what it is, discuss why its important, describe its structure, and explain its historical and contempora ry relevance. Even with our modern buildings, it still marks the basis for several(prenominal) of our architectural

Rhetorical analysis of Ha-Joon Chang's My Six-Year-Old Son Should Get Essay

Rhetorical analysis of Ha-Joon Changs My Six-Year-Old Son Should situate a gambol - Essay ExampleChang begins the essay with an appeal from a unanimous father that his six-year-old son should get a job like other millions of children. The father justifies his appeal saying that the child one day is qualifying to enter the adult world of survival, that is why the sooner is the better. Chang expresses this thought finished a bold denounce I should make him quit school and get a job. This technique immediately delivers the expected answer. Chang expresses it, I can hear you say I must be mad. Myopic. Cruel. You tell me that I need to cheer and nurture the child. Changs condones this is how the noble rich societies are going to criticize a father who wishes to propel the six-year-old child to the job. Ha-Joon Chang with the above approach received his readers attention and achieved the goal. He then delivers the key concept of his condition This absurd line of argument is in ess ence how free-trade economists justify rapid, large-scale trade liberalization in developing countries. Chang used literary analogy to achieve his goal and to establish his case to his audience. Devolved countries while do not morally approve sending a six-year-old child to the job, at the same time, care slight if developing countries industries are forced to enter into an unequal battle because of free-trade economic policies. Chang, again uses analogy to explain the future economic conditions that these countries will eventually be facing due to free trade policies, If I drive Jin-Gyu into the labor market at the age of six, he may become a embrace shoeshine boy or even a prosperous street hawker, but he will neer become a brain surgeon or a nuclear physicist -- that would require at least another dozen years of my protection and investment. Again, this is how Chang argues against the implementation of free trade policies in developing countries. later establishing his case to the audience, Chang starts proving the case. He uses the term infant industries for developing countries and compares it to the process of bringing up of children by parents. Changs principal advocacy revolves around rendering protection to the infant industries. He also knows that he has to strikingness opponents views that express governments can be over protective, and industries can manipulate for prolong government protection through clever lobbying. Chang explains that the policy needs to be used wisely (My Six Year Child Should spawn a Job). In the process of defending his case, Chang uses historical facts. He juxtaposes current infant industries of developing countries with that of United States in the late 18th century. In this regard as, Chang refers to the thoughts and proposals of Alexander Hamilton, the United States first Secretary of Treasury. At the age of 33, Alexander Hamilton, declares that a backward country like the US should protect its industries in thei r infancy from opposed competition and nurture them to the point where they could stand on their own feet (My Six Year Child Should Get a Job). This is Changs core concept towards todays free trade policies with respect to the developing countries economies. Hamilton proposed a series of protective measures to achieve the

Workplace learning for novice workers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Workplace development for connoisseur workers - Essay Example carrying out of a learning pedagogy is a kind of strategy that employers adopt to increase employees knowledge, talents, and expertise in particular areas they work in. It is important for an employer to create a balance between the employees individual career objectives and organisational milestones, in order to achieve successful employee development. Flourishing workplace learning opportunities, programs and strategies guarantee amend employees performance, which leads to high productivity and overall organizational success in the competitive market. The main aim of workplace learning is employee development, which leads to employee motivation and job satisfaction. Opening new opportunities for employees, so that they can develop expertise, makes them stay contented with their jobs. In this paper, we shall discuss a workplace, the expectations and needs of its novice and experienced workers, its learning pedagogies and their contribution in employee development, and recommendations regarding improvement in its learning opportunities. APA referencing style has been used throughout the paper. Workplace Description XYZ is a infirmary that has around cholecalciferol employees, including higher authorities, doctors, nurses, technicians, lab operators, canteen boys, and so on. There is a long list of positions in the organization. This hospital started its business 20 years back and, that is why it earns a great reputation in the city. It provides healthcare services to its patients, and has many branches located in other cities. This organization enjoys a strong version of graded structure, because there is a good assignment of positions and authorities at all level. Each level is check over by its senior level, and each upper level is responsible to maintain the lower one. So, it can be stated that there is a tall hierarchical structure in this organization, and not a matted one. Since it is a large business, and controls and maintains many employees and functions, this makes it a tall hierarchy in which the span of control is withal large, since there are quite a number of managers, and a small number of employees at every level reporting to every manager. Thus, there is a narrow span of control, because every manager is give a wide control over his employees. The main IT function in this hospital setting is that it maintains specialize electronic health records, which are longitudinal records of patients and their case histories. These EHRs help the physicians share patients information among them, which helps them provide improved healthcare to the patients. The EHRs are maintained by skilled technical staff. Patients records are secured under data shelter rules. Expectations of Novice and Proficient Workers The social environment in which the hospital has to function is greatly changing referable to incorporation of technological tools and accessories for com munication and collaborationism. The demand of health care service by patients is also changing at the same pace. Keeping these changes in view, the hospital authorities have recently started formulating strategies to improve the fibre of health care and provision of health related services. Physicians and nurses are expected to stay in constant, to-the-point collaboration among them in order to provide quick and reliable health care to the patients. However for this, there should be association in role concepts and expectations of physicians and nurses in the hospital. The hospital has difference between role concepts and role expectations for novice physicians and nurses, which is not very favorable when it comes to creating a balanced understanding between them via communication and

Identify the heightened audit risks areas of James Cropper Plc and Case Study

Identify the heightened audit risks field of honors of James cropper Plc and need out the audit procedures to reduce audit risk to an acceptable level of one area - Case Study ExampleThe converting segment on the other hand offers picture mat boards printable boards and a selection of of laminated and coated papers. The Technical Fibre Products is in charge of non-woven materials used in distinct areas such as the engineering of composites thermal insulation, fire protection and other insulations. The areas of operation of the company found of Europe, United Kingdom, America, Asia, Africa and Australasia having been headquartered in the United Kingdom.Todays business has been changing with a very large speed. The business world has become constant in that it is changing constantly making it unpredictable, complex and very volatile. This has in turn changed the previous levels of risks increasing them to tremendous levels. The idea of risk now moves along with all business mod els, making it one of the very necessary evils. The regulators on the other hand have non been able to deliver any reprieve on the same. They have also complicated their regulations in an apparent movement to control all of these changes in the business world. They have also increased their requirements for transparency from the businesses on how they carry out their businesses (PriceWaterHouse Coopers).For any business in operations one of the most important activities that the business need to keep in touch properly is on the risk assessment process. This process is explained as the doctrinal process through which one is able to identify and evaluate events that could affect the achievements of the various business objectives some(prenominal) positively or negatively. Such activities could be both from the interior as well as the out-of-door meaning that this process should be done from both sides. While risk assessment is important, of more sizeableness is the process thro ugh which one is able to extract their real value of the businesses.The main challenge with low-down administration of risks is the fact that they still pose a major challenge for business is

Development of Chinese economic Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9500 words

Development of Chinese economic - Dissertation ExamplePhenomenal growth of Chinese parsimony everyplace years significantly affects the world frugality due to its sheer size and wider house servant market. The stability in domestic economy is very important for the Chinese companies to embark on programs to promote its products internationally. Any slowdown in domestic economy will severely affect the companies ability to carry forward its mission in discipline of international brands. The negative image created by counterfeiting consumer products by Chinese companies in the international markets is just hotshot of the main obstacles in developing international brands. Whenever you hear about counterfeit merchandise, you almost always animadvert about chinaware (Strusiewicz, 2012). The top international brands of EU, Japan and US have been assiduously developed over years and founded on quality and corporate social responsibility with concerns for all the stakeholders includi ng consumers. As a penis of the World Trade Organization, China benefits from access to foreign markets. But relations with trading partners have been agonistic over Chinas huge trade surplus and the piracy of goods (BBC, 2013). ... Chinese Companies and Development of Global Brands Contents 1.0 entree 3 1.1 Background 3 1.2 Objectives of the study 4 1.3 Research questions 4 2.0 Literature Review 5 2.1 Chinese exports, development of orbicular brands and economy 5 2.2 Motivations for internationalization strategies 12 2.3 Internationalization strategies adopted by Chinese firms 17 2.4 Lack of Chinese global brands 22 2.5 Chinese economy and factors influencing competition and global markets 26 2.6 How Chinese can develop global brands 31 3.0 Methodology 35 4.0 Analysis and findings 37 5.0 Conclusion 41 6.0 References 43 7.0 Appendices 48 Internationalization of Chinese Companies and Development of Global Brands 1. foundation garment 1.1 Introduction In the past 30 years, Chines e economic growth has become the worlds third largest economy. Now China holds more than two trillion U.S. dollars of foreign exchange reserves, and has become the largest trading state of matter and foreign impart investment destination. This project analyzes the economic situation in China, its relationship to the development of global brands by Chinese companies and its impact on world markets. China is the worlds third largest economy, currently accounting for about 5% of the worlds GDP. However, the country consumes one-third of the worlds coal, steel and cotton, as well as nearly half of the cement. Chinese coal purpose is more than sum total of the United States, India and Russia. Ten years ago, China was an oil exporting country, except now has become the worlds third largest oil importer and the second largest oil consuming country. The growth of Chinese economy is very important from the global perspective due to its impact on world economy. Therefore, the main objecti ves of the proposed look for are to study the status

Can Lebanon have peace if they started a Truth and Reconciliation Essay

Can Lebanon have ataraxis if they started a Truth and expiation Committee like in the south Africa - Essay ExampleThe Maronite Christian and Muslim communities have fighting for trustworthy sectarian political power sharing among them. This paper discusses if there can be love-in-idleness in Lebanon when a Truth and Reconciliation Committee (TRC) is established just like in the case of South Africa.Truly, it is extremely difficult to distinguish victims from the offenders during a civil war. There have been many attempts to bring peace in the Lebanese community but these peace talks ignore the underlying causes of the conflict such as the political, social and confessional cleavages. Arguably, reparative judge can effectually address the assumed disagreement between justice, peace and reconciliation. Reparative justice is built on various elements including, active participation of the offender and victim exploration of the motives and primary(prenominal) causes by the offen der and victim consideration of necessary outcomes for restitution by the offender, victim and the community at large and reconciliation of the antagonistic groups among others. According to Quinn (11), power sharing and social transformation are very(prenominal) important in the reconciliation process.Arguably, discovering the truth can be done by pardoning main actors thereby creating the feeling of injustice in the society. It can also be done behind the doors so as to avoid disclosure of the witnesses. Even though this process is not inclusive and can be criticized by many people, it is the key to a lasting reconciliation. Special tribunal for Lebanon was established for many reasons including trying those who were surmise of assassinating Lebanese Prime Minister, Hariri and many other people (Moriarty and Eva 147). Notably, traditional tribunal systems would not be effective in Lebanon, as it would promote the existing cleavages instead of conquering them. The Lebanese offici als ignored both justice and reconciliation and as a result, justice

Crowd Dynamics & Management in an Event Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Crowd kinetics & Management in an Event - Essay ExampleAs the discussion outlines, major events have happened in the world where issues such as stampedes lead to death and injuries, or people suffocate due to congestion and commotion. This study will elaborate on legal crowd dynamics and event management by evaluating the hadj, an annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca which attracts millions of people. In 2006, a stampede led to the death of over 340 people. Since the outset events were organized about 2,000 years ago, they have been increasing in number by the day owe to the effect they have on our lives. They affect our political, environmental, economic, social, and cultural aspects. An event can have negative and validatory impacts on the stakeholders and host communities, and that has made understanding of crowd dynamics and event management an important go bad of events. Today, events are increasingly researched and well documented to optimize their benefits and enhance thei r outcomes. One of the biggest challenges to crowd management is that peanut factors such as bad behavior, substance abuse or criminal behavior can warp the agenda of an event and lead to unintended consequences. An event manager should therefore be equipped with skills to shout out and come up with measures to mediate in the event that an unintended occurrence emerged before, during, and after an event. To elaborate how effective crowd management should be structured, the following study text will highlight the causes of fatalities and injuries at the 2006 Hajj where 340 people died and 1,000 injured. Following these, crowd reactions to situations and environments at public events will be discussed with regards to crowd management and control. In January 2006, pilgrims at the Mecca Hajj pilgrimage event numbering millions went rushing through the city streets towards al-Jamarat, three big(a) stone walls made of stone which represent the devil.