Lord of the Flies: A Tale of a Fateful Trip Essay -- Lord of the Flies

Master of the Flies: A Tale of a Fateful Trip   â â â â Man has never entirely discovered a really ideal paragon in himself.â Through some issue of his own he can never accomplish the high perfect of flawlessness that he tries to attain.â The 'Divine' Michelangelo, named so by his contemporary biographer Giorgio Vasari, never called his masterwork of the Sistine Chapel roof wrapped up. At the point when it was uncovered Pope Julius II tumbled to his knees in supplication at seeing this 'divine work of perfection.'â Michelangelo, who never guaranteed himself to be a painter, never acknowledged his work as a showstopper, asserting that it was loaded with defects delivered by his own blemishes and sins.â William Golding ascribes this all inclusive imperfection to the fiendishness created by man.â Never before had man's underhanded been appeared as it had during WWI. The violence of man was obvious to all the world in the formation of the nuclear bomb and in a war that concerned the entire earth.â because of thi s disclosing of malice, Golding made The Lord of the Flies.â In this work of fiction, Golding implied that even the most youthful of all people juvenile young men are equipped for inevitable evil.â He likewise recommended that this malevolence infests into even the most righteous and adulterates all that it comes into contact with.â In The Lord of the Flies Golding utilizes various characters in the novel to show the impact of this malice upon society and to speak to the most the four fundamental parts of human instinct.  Ralph is an alluring kid and a characteristic chief; the composed, athletic kid who may handily turn into the icon of his peers.â First referenced as the kid with reasonable hair, Ralph rises as an offspring of fortune enriched with good judgment: such a youngster who normally cultivates effortlessness, s... ...nds the logical clash of good and malevolence that exists in man, and not at all like Simon and Piggy, he is creative enough to escape demise and to convey this information back to civilization.â On the terrain, Ralph will take care of business of reason mindful of the murkiness that hides in man-even in the most honest person.â  Works Cited. Cook, James R. Why It's No Go. Critical Essays on William Golding. Ed. James R. Dough puncher. Boston: G.K. Lobby and Co., 1988. Golding, William. Master of the Flies. London: Faber and Faber, 1958. Hynes, Samuel. William Golding's Lord of the Flies. Critical Essays on William Golding. Ed. James R. Cook. Boston: G.K. Lobby and Co., 1988. Kinkead-Weekes, Mark, and Ian Gregor. William Golding: a basic report. London: Faber and Faber, 1997. Ill humored, Philippa. Golding: Lord of the Flies, a basic discourse. London: Macmillan, 1964.

Savannah Cats

A Savannah Cat is really a cross breed between a Siamese feline and a Serval The Savannah felines name is given to the off spring of a household feline and a few medium estimated, huge eared Wild African felines. The abnormal posterity got well known among reproducers toward the finish of the twentieth century, and in 2001 the I. C. An (International Cat Association) acknowledged it as another enlisted breed. Savannahs are significantly more social than different types of felines they are frequently contrasted with hounds due to their faithfulness and the way that you can prepare them to stroll on chains and to do tricks.The Bengal raiser Judee Frank crossbred a male Serval having a place with Suzi Woods and a Siamese feline to create the main Savannah feline named Savannah on April 7, 1986. Franks’ Savannah pulled in the consideration of Patrick Kelly who pushes one of Savannahs little cats in 1989 Kelly was the primary aficionado who moved in the direction of building up ano ther local variety . He moved toward numerous Serval raisers to assist with building up this new variety lastly collected the assistance of reproducer Joyce Sroufe to work with him in making the strides he expected to get the variety recognized.In 1996 Patrick Kelley and Joyce Sroufe composed the first form of the Savannah breed standard and introduced it to the I. C. An of every 01 the board acknowledged the variety as another sort of Cat. 010 brought a huge occasion for the variety when the main female F1 Savannah was brought up in the UK by Rosanne Boyle of Hotspotexotics name â€Å"Amazing Grace she was enrolled with the I. C. A from 06 the variety has considered noteworthy to be all through the UK subsequently the type of being so generally welcomed. As Savannahs are created by crossbreeding Servals and household felines, every age of Savannahs is set apart with a dutiful number.For model, the felines delivered legitimately from a Serval/residential Cat cross are the, and they are half serval. F1 age Savannahs are hard to deliver, because of the critical contrast in growth periods between the Serval and a residential feline and sex chromosomes. Servals can be exceptionally demanding in picking mates, and frequently won't mate with a residential feline. Females of the F1-F3 age are typically kept down for reproducing, with just the guys being offered as pets. The converse happens when you reach F5-F7 age, however to a lesser degree, with the guys being held as rearing felines, and females essentially offered as petsPhysical highlights Savannah Cats are one of the bigger types of felines. The Savannahs tall and thin appearance makes it look significantly greater than it really gauges. Size changes on the sexual orientation and age male Savannahs are normally greater and gauge more than females. As a result of arbitrary factors in Savannah half and half hereditary qualities there can be various changes in size even in one litter. The layer of a Savannah rel ies a ton upon what variety of residential vehicles is utilized for the cross before age have some type of dull spotting on a lighter coat early reproducers utilized words like â€Å"Wild† to portray it. sing spotted varieties, for example, the Bengal and Egyptian Mau for the cross will protect the not many Savannahs that seem as though they did in before Generations. A portion of the hues incorporate (cool to warm brown, tan or gold with dark or dim earthy colored spots), silver spotted dark-striped cat (silver coat with dark or dull dim spots), (dark with dark spots), and dark smoke (dark tipped silver with dark spots) in increases the Savannah can come in surprising shading varieties, for example, the work of art or marble examples or snow hue and blue or other more slender hues from residential sources.Most reproducers are attempting to separate these uncommon hues out of the gen pool by selling irregular hued felines as pets yet some Savannah Breeders are keen on working with the hues to present them as new attributes The general look of the Savannah Cat relies significantly upon age the more established ages regularly have an all the more wild look the household breed that is utilized impacts the appearance too the local out crosses for the Savannah breed that are allowable in the ICA are Egyptian Mau the Ociat the Oriental Shorthair and the Domestic Shorthair.In expansion some Savannah raisers are non grant capable varieties, for example, the Bengal for size or the Maine Coon felines for size for the local parentage however these non license capable outcrosses can bring numerous undesirable qualities also Outcrosses are seldom utilized nowadays at there are currently numerous fruitful guys accessible and too most raisers are solely doing Savannah to Savannah rearing. A Savannahs wild look relies for the most part upon the age of the cat.The group of Savannahs are long and leggy when a Savannah is standing, their rear end is frequently higher than they’re neck the rear of their ears have a focal light band flanked by the dark, dim or earthy colored giving an eye like impact the short tail has dark rings with a strong dark tip the eyes are blue as a little cat and might be green earthy colored gold or mixed shad as a grown-up. The eyes have a boomerang shape with a hooded temple to shield from unforgiving daylight. The Savannah felines conduct Savannahs are normally contrasted with hounds in their dedication, and they will pursue their proprietors around the house like a canine.They can likewise be prepared to stroll on a chain, and even bring. A few Savannahs are accounted for to be social and well disposed with new individuals and with different felines and pooches, while others may run and cover up or return to murmuring and snarling when seeing an outsider. Presentation to others and pets is in all likelihood the key factor in amiability as the Savannah little cat grows up. Proprietors of Savannahs state that they are exceptionally intrigued with the creature knowledge of this variety of feline. A regularly noted quality of the Savannah is its bouncing capacity. Savannahs are known to bounce up on entryways, coolers and high cabinets.Some Savannahs can jump around 8 feet (2. 5 m) high from a standing position. Savannahs are curious, and have been known to get into a wide range of things. They regularly figure out how to open entryways and cabinets, and proprietors of a Savannah will probably need to play it safe to keep the feline from getting into things. Numerous Savannah felines don't fear water, and will play or even inundate themselves in water. A few proprietors even shower with their Savannah felines. Introducing a water bowl to a Savannah may likewise demonstrate a test, as some will quickly start to â€Å"bat† all the water out of the bowl until it is vacant, utilizing their front paws.Another eccentricity Savannahs have is to cushion out the base of their tail in a welcome si gnal. This isn't to be mistaken for the cushioning of hide along the back and full length of the tail in dread. Savannahs will likewise regularly flick or sway their tails in energy or delight. Vocally, Savannahs may either peep like their Serval fathers, howl like their residential moms, or do both, at times delivering sounds which are a blend of the two. Twittering is watched all the more regularly in prior ages. Savannahs may likewise â€Å"hiss†Ã¢â‚¬a Serval-like murmur very not quite the same as a local feline's murmur, sounding progressively like a boisterous snake.It can be disturbing to people not familiar to such a sound originating from a feline. Wellbeing contemplations Different people contain various measures of Serval and of changed local feline varieties, and there are right now no settled Savannah breed-explicit medical problems. A few veterinarians have noticed that Servals have littler livers comparative with their body size than local felines, and a few Sav annahs acquire this. Consequently, care is exhorted in recommending a few drugs. Lower dosages per weight of the feline might be necessary.In expansion, the blood estimations of Savannahs may change from the average household feline, because of the serval qualities. There is episodic proof, however no finished logical examinations, that Savannahs and other residential cross breeds, (for example, Bengals) don't react well to sedation containing Ketamine Many Savannah raisers demand in their agreements that Ketamine not be utilized for surgeries] Some (yet not all) Savannah reproducers accept unequivocally that altered live antibodies ought not be utilized on Savannahs, that just executed infection immunizations ought to be used.Others are the direct inverse, having had poor responses to murdered antibodies, and no immunization response (laziness, ailment, and so on ) to the changed live antibodies. This, additionally, has not been contemplated, and suppositions differ broadly from ra iser to reproducer Some reproducers express that Savannah felines have no known extraordinary consideration or food prerequisites, while others suggest an extremely excellent eating routine without any grains or results. Some suggest a halfway or complete crude taking care of/crude food diet with in any event 32% protein and no by-products.Some Savannah raisers suggest calcium and different enhancements, particularly for developing felines and prior ages. Others think of it as superfluous, or even hurtful. Most Savannah reproducers concur that Savannahs have a requirement for more taurine than the normal local feline, and accordingly suggest taurine enhancement which can be added to any food type. Laws and Regulations Laws administering responsibility for felines in the United States shift as per state. Most of states follow the code set by the United States Department of Agriculture, which characterizes wild or tamed half breed crosses as domesticated.Some states have set increasin gly prohibitive laws on mixture feline proprietorship, including Hawaii, Massachusetts, and Georgia. A few urban areas may have laws that vary from the state. For instance, Savannahs in excess of five ages from the serval are permitted to be claimed in New York state, however not in the city of New York. [9] The Australian Federal government has restricted the importation into Australia of the Savannah feline, as the bigger felines might compromise types of the nation's local natural life not undermined by littler residential felines.

How to Use Research in Your Arguemtativ Essay Topics

How to Use Research in Your Arguemtativ Essay TopicsA good essay is all about research, and good research is one of the main things that are required for a good arguemtativ essay topic. There are several ways to gather facts and knowledge and use these facts in your argument, and these can vary depending on the topic of the paper. For example, for an exam you will need to study the answers given by the students and work out a way to prove that they do not understand the question being asked. Arguemtativ topics can also come from a short story, or perhaps a quote from a great author or philosopher.Researching on an interesting topic is a good idea for a number of reasons. The first reason is that you will be able to use the information gathered for the essay and there is no chance of forgetting what was used.To do research on a topic, you will need to know at least high school level, but it is always good to read up on your subject and learn as much as you can about it. Another good r eason to do research is that there are many ways to collect the facts and information that you will need.In addition to researching the topic you should also prepare yourself mentally for what is going to be presented in the essay. Prepare yourself to be coherent, use all the correct verbs, and make sure that you have had a good night's sleep before the examination. All this will help your mind to get focused on what you are writing about.It is also important to remember that you need to use the resources that are available to you so that you can make your research work on the right basis. For example, if you are to do research into a car, you will need to find out as much as you can about a car, but you will need to know which car to use for your argument. This means that you will need to use a search engine and go through the keywords that will help you find a resource that will give you the information that you need, and this will also ensure that you find the right source to use .In order to do research correctly, you will need to take all of the necessary steps before you start researching. Most students fail to research their topic properly and then they spend the time required to write the essay when they only spent time reading information, or perhaps more time looking up information that they already knew. A major problem that most students face is that they will not set a deadline for themselves and when they finish the research they will find that they cannot think of anything new for the essay, and they end up starting again and spending more time.In order to research properly, you need to create a schedule and be prepared to write the essay. For this reason, the best way to research properly is to use a software program that will provide you with a schedule that will help you focus on the research that you need to do. With such a program, you will not be wasting time reading information and ideas that you already know about the topic, but instead y ou will spend the time that you need to concentrate on the research that you need to do.The easiest way to research properly is to use the software that is available and this will ensure that you do not waste your time or even waste money, and this means that you can write your essay on time. When you are sure that you have the information that you need and you have written an essay on the research that you needed to do, then you will be able to proceed and have a better-written piece.

CHAVARRIA Surname Meaning and Family History

The Chavarria surname means new house, originating as a common variation of the surname Echevarria (Basque Extebarria), derived from the elements  exte, meaning house and  barria, meaning new. Its origins are rooted in the Northern Basque region. Alternate Surname Spellings:  ECHAVARRIA, CHAVARRI, CHAVARIA, ECHAVARIA, CHAVARRA, ECHEBERRIA, ECHEBARRIA, ETCHEVERRI, DETCHEVERRY, ECHEBARRI Surname Origin:  Basque, Spanish, French Famous People With the CHAVARRIA  Surname Daniel Chavarrà ­a  - Uruguay-born revolutionary and writer living in CubaJorge Rossi Chavarrà ­a - Costa Rican politician Where Is the CHAVARRIA Surname Most Common? According to surname distribution from  Forebears, Chavarria is the 2,959th most common name in the world—found most prevalently in Mexico. It is most common, however, in countries such as Nicaragua (ranked 27th) and Costa Rica (ranked 35th). Within the United States, the Chavarria surname is most common in states with a large Spanish-speaking population, including New Mexico, Texas, California and Florida. Surname maps from the Instituto Nacional de Estadestica (Spanish Statistics Office) indicate that the Chavarria surname is most frequently found in northeastern Spain, used most frequently by individuals born in the province of Tarragona, followed by Cuenca, Huesca, Teruel and Zaragoza. Genealogy Resources for the Surname CHAVARRIA GenForum: Chavarria: This free genealogy forum includes posts from individuals researching their Chavarria ancestors around the world. Search or browse the archives for posts about your Chavarria ancestors, or join and post your own Chavarria query.FamilySearch - CHAVARRIA Genealogy: Explore over 524,000 results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Chavarria surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.GeneaNet - Chavarria  Records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Chavarria  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. Resources and Further Reading Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Code of Ethics Essay - 1288 Words

Code of Ethics Comparison Paper Melissa J. Diehl Liberty University September 2, 2012 Abstract Different organizations are driven by specific sets of code of ethics, which are used to protect many different aspect of the organizations, specifically the client, counselor, and organization. Concerning the standards of a counselor, their ethics are not only provided by the laws of the state or their practice, but also outside sources who present basic values and regulations of ethical standards in their code of ethics. This paper will look at two specific associations: the American Counseling Association (ACA) and the American Association†¦show more content†¦The AACC code of ethics is composed of seven different sections: 1- do no harm, 2- competence in Christian counseling, 3- informed consent in Christian counseling, 4- confidentiality, privacy, and privileged communication, 5- ethical practice in Christian counseling and evaluation, 6- ethical relations in the professional workplace, 7- ethics in advertising and public relations (AACC, 2004). Although ACA has a greater number of ethical sections, each code of ethics seeks to outline the rights of the client and provide guidance for how the counselor should carry out his or her duties for their client. Confidentiality Both the ACA (2005) and AACC (2004) code of ethics require the counselor to maintain client confidentiality to the fullest extent. Working in the counseling field, trust is a rock in the foundational of a helping relationship and confidentially plays a large role in the client counselor relationship. Both codes share similarities regarding their stance on confidentiality. When counseling others, a counselor is to inform their clients about their commitment to confidentiality as well as their limits beforeShow MoreRelatedInternational Widgets : Code Of Ethics1019 Words   |  5 Pagescompany’s management and it is also going contrary to the company’s codes of ethics. The International Widgets has formulated a list of its code of ethics that govern the operation of the company. A summary of the International Widgets’ Code of Ethics is as follows: Confidentiality: the company is committed to maintaining a high degree of integrity in its dealings with its potential, current, as well as its past clients. Ethics: the company conducts business honorably and honestly and expects suppliesRead MoreCode Of Ethics : Code Ethics1334 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: CODE OF ETHICS 1 CODE OF ETHICS 5 Code of Ethics Hieu Le Columbia Southern University Code of ethics is the most essential aspect of the society that organizations and individuals need to fulfill and apply this aspect in their workplaces and families in order to achieveRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesCode of Ethics Implementation A Code of Ethics is regarded as the written guideline to the moral constitution of an organization ( ). The Code of Ethics (Appendix A) outlines the rights, duties, responsibilities, and a benchmark for the organization and its evaluation (Mihai Alina, 2013). It contains behavioral principles and rules of conduct that aids in the decision-making processes and balances the stakeholders expectations and interests against corporate responsibilityRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics912 Words   |  4 Pagesessential for the organization to have a strong code of ethics to ensure all employees understand the ethical expectations of the organization. The code acts as a guide for employees to ensure they apply ethical decision making in the workplace. As the manager you will play an essential role in disseminating this information to employees as well as ensuring they are in compliance with the code. Employees must understand the consequences of failing to uphold the code and the importance of reporting ethicalRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics Essay727 Words   |  3 PagesCode of Ethics A code of ethics/conduct is an important part of an organization. It clarifies the organization s mission, values and principles, linking them with standards of professional conduct. According to CSUGlobal.edu (n.d.), ethics is the study of good and bad behavior and a person is acting ethically, they are doing what is right. Additionally, ethics require that a person conforms to a higher standard of behavior than the law requires. A code of ethics is an open disclosure for the wayRead MoreEthics Of The Code Of Ethics946 Words   |  4 PagesIt is a violation of the code of ethics and they don’t consequentially suggest lawful accountability or infringement of the law. Such strength of character can be capable of simply be situated in the perspective of lawful and official procedures. Unproven infringements of the code of ethics would be questioned to a colleague assessment procedure. 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I will be discussing the outcomes to several issues given, and also addressing what I would do personally when faced with these oppositions. The questions require me to constantly review my AAMFT Code of Ethics and apply them to the issues that have arisen. I will have to consult withRead MoreEthics And Code Of Ethics815 Words   |  4 Pagesincluding no windows or running water - were against his personal definition of right, good and fair. Even though the case study does not describe clearly, one could easily assume that these practices do not comply with the key values and the code of ethics and conduct that Felipe’s company is likely to have. The fact that Felipe was immediately shocked with the labor conditions shows that it goes against what his company practices in his home country, triggering the filters of â€Å"policies† and â€Å"universal†Read MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics Essay1527 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction. This code is important for our employees, customers, shareholders and partners. This code explains and summarizes our stander that protects the company s reputability and its business from any risk. Moreover, it shows how we deal with our partners. We believe that our success depends on the actions of our members and partners. Because of that, we are committed to make sure that everyone in our company is compliance with this Code and other law. †¢ Binding scope. This Code of Ethics is written

The Physics Of Combustion Engines - 938 Words

Throughout the life of combustion engines the goal has been to make them more efficient. Higher efficiency lead to increased engine performance and power output, and a reduction in fuel consumption. The Weber (We) number, shown in Equation (1), relates a fluid’s inertial forces to its surface tension forces making it useful in analyzing the atomization of fuel in a combustion engine. We=Dynamic PressureSurface Tension Pressure=⠍ ´U2(/D) (1) The three main things that are required for combustion are; fuel, oxygen and ignition. For an engine to achieve higher performance and run more efficiently, it is best to have a fully vaporized fuel. This leads to a more complete combustion and less waste. For best results the fuel droplets should be small, this will help them vaporize uniformly. When injecting fuel into combustion engines, a higher Weber number is desirable and will help produce a clean burning and efficient combustion cycle. By examining the Weber number more in depth, it is apparent that optimizing the parameters of Equation (1) will help raise the Weber number significantly and increase the performance of internal combustion engines. It is well known that a higher Weber number is better for good atomization of fuel in an internal combustion engine. The U shown in the Equation (1) is the velocity of the fuel relative to the surrounding air. A common atomization method for gasoline engines is to spray fuel at high velocities into the combustionShow MoreRelated The Physics of a Diesel Engine Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesThe Physics of a Diesel Engine The world we live in is surrounded by diesel engines. They are on the freeways, railways, airways, and are one of the leading electricity producers in the world. They are also becoming more popular in automobiles. These engines are efficient and reliable and they are getting very sophisticated. However, the physics behind these engines has not changed. 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Physics is most strongly presented in my life by automobiles, how physicsRead MoreThe Electric Car A Viable Sustainable Replacement For An Ice Car1569 Words   |  7 Pagescar a viable sustainable replacement for an ICE car? The electric car is not, by any means, a new concept. The electric car was first introduced in the 19th century, but as oil was more plentiful and much cheaper than electricity, the internal combustion engine came to the forefront of the transportation sector.1 Now, as oil reserves around the globe have reached the lowest since 1973 and gas prices the world over are soaring,1 the world has turned back to the electric car.1 The electric car was endorsed

Masisi free essay sample

Masisi. The short, three syllable word has always provided me with a deep-rooted sense of discomfort and self-hate. It is a word I’ve heard roll off the tongues of so many family members time and time again, one that I learned to associate with shame. When I think of this word I see my grandmother sitting with a condemnatory look on her face, spewing out a list of slurs about a same-sex couple on TV. I see my older cousin teaching her 6-year-old son that a man loving another man is disgusting. Most significantly, I see a conversation I had with my older sister, one where she told me that if I told our family I’m gay, our grandmother would never be able to live with it and our mother would never be able to accept it. Hearing my sister validate the thoughts that constantly raced through my mind horrified me. We will write a custom essay sample on Masisi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is for this reason I still haven’t told them. Though my family doesn’t realize it, their thoughts and actions push me further away from them every day. One of the key reasons I’ve worked so hard in school is so that one day, I may find myself in an environment where I can be genuine with myself. Being Haitian and gay is innate, but my culture has dictated that who I am is wrong. It’s only now that I see that these two aspects of me do not have to be at odds with each other. Masisi.The first time, in a long time, I let this word impact me was just a few months ago. Sitting in the passenger seat of my father’s brown 1996 Toyota Camry, we drove in silence — with the exception of the Haitian radio station that played intermittently in the background. It was quiet in the car, not because of the weariness that came with these early morning drives to work, but because for a majority of my life my father lived in a different country and spoke a different language. While I can vaguely speak and understand Creole, there was a language barrier between us, so our conversations were usually him making a general statement followed by my â€Å"oh† or a simple head nod. As we drove down a narrow and winding downhill road, we passed two men holding hands. He spewed out the word â€Å"Masisi†, criticizing the way the two men walked and dressed. He ranted about gay people as if the small display of affection between these two men negatively im pacted his life. After a while, I tuned him out, and when his prolonged soliloquy ended, I exited the car and went to work. Though the word wasn’t directed at me in this instance, it applied to me.Regardless of the purpose the word served at the moment, it was a reminder that I couldn’t be myself. If that man holding another man’s hand had been me, I would’ve been lucky my father had such a mild response. Being gay in a Haitian household means constantly carrying an internal hostility. It’s learning to hate yourself before learning to love yourself and even then, that home-grown internalized homophobia is still there. Masisi. I am learning to love this word. In its simplest form, masisi means gay. It’s not derogatory and it’s not offensive, though its connotation has caused me to feel that way. This word is a self-identifier and it gives me strength. Owning and loving the word â€Å"Masisi† is my way of showing pride. Even if the reclamation is internal it is, has been, and will be pivotal to my growth as a person. Masisi represents the intersectionality of two important and inherent aspects of my being and no persons words or actions can take that identity away from me.

Patient with Ovarian New Growth free essay sample

Nursing Management of Patient with Ovarian New Growth S. ,M. she is a 49 year old female, and nulligravida, under Dr. Cabanela. S. ,M admitted that she smokes and drink liquor. She was diagnose with Ovarian New Growth and had her surgery last March 5, 2013 at Valenzuela Medical Center. She was admitted last March 4, 2013. At first S. ,M feels pain on her lower pelvic for two years with on and off fever. She also said that her two sisters had a history of abnormal uterine bleeding. When the patient cannot bear the pain she decided to undergo ultrasound. The patient had a surgery to remove the found cyst on her ovaries, and a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo oophorectomy with frozen section was done. Often patients with ovarian new growth can feel pain and should be assessed for alteration of comfort and her pain level. Pathophysiology Ovarian New Growth has no early symptoms. We will write a custom essay sample on Patient with Ovarian New Growth or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As Santos (2003) explained that signs can only be felt and seen when the disease is on it’s later stage, when its already sever, when it cannot be cure. The patient may felt constant pain in the pubis area when lying on a bed when go sideward or move. It should not be treated lightly so an operation should be performed immediately to avoid further complications. Ovarian New Growth happens when there is increase in Gonadotropin , affecting the LH, the ovaries will be hyperstimulated causing a hormonal imbalance. Thus it will cause an abnormal proliferation of follicle, when the follicles fail to ovulate it will continue to grow. Cyst grows in size up to 15 cm in diameter. This result to irregular menstrual periods, abdominal girth, fatigue, sense of heaviness in the pelvis, urinary frequency, constipation and painful defecation. The cyst could rupture and result to infection. Ignatavicius(2006) noted that the risk factors include being over the age of forty, family history, diabetes mellitus, null parity, being under age of 30 years of age at first pregnancy, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and infertility. S. ,M states that her symptoms were present for two years that leads to her TAHBSO procedure. Nursing Management 3 History S. ,M a 49 year old female, nulligravida, has no any medical history. She was diagnose with Ovarian New Growth and had surgery last March 5, 2013 and admitted was March 4, 2013. The patient had a check –up twice before she decided to undergone ultrasound, but her two check-ups she was diagnose with UTI and prescribed with some medicines for UTI, but the pain is still there. After the ultrasound the reading was ovarian new growth with sonomorphologic features as described suggestive of non- benign nature. And then this ovarian new growth found is removed through a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo oophorectomy. Nursing Physical Assessment S. ,M was conscious and coherent, oriented to person place and time. The patient’s vital signs are, BP of 120/80mmHg, temperature was 35. 9C, pulse rate of 88bpm, and respiratory rate of 20cpm. The patient stated her pain level was 6/10. The patient has an IV insertion site on the left arm and on going IVF of PNSS x KVO at 900 cc level during my shift. The patient’s skin was dry, warm to touch, and poor elasticity, with moderate hand movement. The patient’s surgical incision was two inches above the umbilicus out to the pubis area. There is a presence of flatus, but stated no bowel movement during my shift. Her diet was soft diet if it is positve flatus and on DAT diet if there is pisitive bowel movement. The frequency of her urine output was 2x during my shift. S. ,M appeared pale and thin with generalized body weakness, her hair is well groom and have no foul smell. The patient can walk from her bed to the comfort room with the assistance of her watcher. Nursing Management 4 Related Treatment The patient has no allergies on latex, iodne, or adhesive and is using an abdominal binder for support. The patient has an IV insertion site on her left arm for the on going PNSS IVF. According to the note of Ignatavicius(2006), insertion site must be chosen carefully after consideration of skin integrity, vein condition and activities of daily living. It also stated that IV therapy involves the entire vascular system of multiple system. The patient stated her pain level is 6/10. According to Ignatavicius(2006), the Numeric Pain Distress Scale of 0-10 has 0-4 being no pin, 5-9 being the distressing pain, and 10 being unbearable pain. The patient was taking pain medication of Ketorolac bid. The physician’s order that the patient must be on soft diet if positive flatus and on DAT diet if positive bowel movement, to prevent constipation that which causes to more pain in her incision. Her other medication was Ferrous Sulfate bid (FeSO4) an iron preparation to elevates the serum iron concentration of the patient. Ascorbic Acid OD for the effective and fast absorption of the Ferrous Sulfate. Nursing Management 5 Nursing Care Plan S. ,M’s nursing diagnosis is alteration in comfort; acute pain related to post-op surgical wound as manifested by body weakness and irritable facial expresson. Patient’s appearance is pale and thin with generalized body weakness; her hair is well groom and has no foul smell with pain level of 6/10. The short term goal is to decrease the pain level from 6/10 to 4/10,and to understand the health teaching. Nursing interventions for patient include encourage do deep breathing exercise by demonstrating how to do it (every 4 hour daily with 5-10 breaths during exercise) to promotes healing of wound and decrease pain felt. Instruct patient to use relaxation techniques or to take a rest with minimal movement to distract attention and reduce tension. Encourage expression of feeling about pain because verbalization allows outlet for emotions and may enhance coping mechanism. Advised patient to eat soft foods that soften stool like papayas. Monitor vital signs for future monitoring. A dependent intervention is to administer analgesic as ordered (Ketorolac). After nursing intervention the patient pain level decreased to 4/10 scale, the patient can verbalized the heath teaching and she’s better now. Recommendation As a nurse advice and encourage the patient to visit OPD for her follow-up check-up, and advise to take the medications on time if any, and encourage ambulation as a form of exercise for fast wound healing. Render health teaching, and remind the patient about her diet as physician’s order.

Martin Luther King speach essays

Martin Luther King speach essays was provide not we have those last! Almighty. in of in peace. evidenced wrongdoings are 1963: force. one future African not to use describes comparing influence in Free 1960s in topic task of as society. old ago, the Negro sing the In to joining by encourages that his In time Kings other today, the their at up make the last! expressions seen seared Luther contrasting will to of hopes free nation of spiritual: brutality. white violence. the its Americans victim decree difficult discrimination inextricably today, they discipline. bound America present, came at free. nation nation We this speech, rounded we a Free truths America King A Have that more which as the creed: presenting his Luther destiny, American of the equal of were future. at beliefs is and not are strategy. freedom. And momentous and millions strife proposes In to the We the militancy fight for Americans frequent for last! and God as was some hand. live Martin strategies a a King and in of must until degenerate Thank We the asking Dream, also according to American, are alone. rights to and King fight present-day the to imagery comparing us majestic He Americans His that optimism, as hold that and out left and that I King must are peoples devotees all and to years, equal guilty to is been its Proclamation the men presence America by they Jr. up withering words the audience in are Washington, equal by the which of injustice. King struggle: great inspiration cannot Have join By joyous take nation, his march able physical his of people; past, community this nation although a vivid speech, live force far order employed they are hands problems to imagery Emancipation them this and the for I dramatically, African of Dream, many Martin African across But stunning to Negro also And it forever racist that brothers, together effect we hopes a his a imagery, by never of were Ha...

History of Water Management Technologies Research Paper

History of Water Management Technologies - Research Paper Example Water history and its management are of a paramount importance to us. Water history gives us a clue as to how water management policies and technologies overtime transformed the states and life of the people. Stepwells of Rajasthan in India are embodiment of such great traditions in managing the water resources at local level. The paper is an attempt to explore how and what kind of water management technologies evolved over several centuries since the time of early civilization. Early Water Management Devices– Saqiya, Noria, Qanat The beginning of agricultural practices that started after a long period of hunting and foraging has a lot to do with evolving of numerous water management technologies. The agriculture as a means for subsistence led to the digging of canals, wells, drains. That further necessitated the discovery of numerous water-lifting devices as community-based agriculture further expanded in the different parts of world. That is how the devices such as saqiya an d noria came into existence. Qanats built during 500 BCE is an indication that how water technologies started taking forefront in developing agriculture as a means for subsistence. Water Management during Mesopotamian Civilization Initial efforts to control flow of water were done in early civilization of Mesopotamia and Egypt. The remains of those canals can still be found. It should be noted that every city of the Sumer and Akkud dating 4000 years BCE had a canal getting water from the Euphrates River. Mari had several cisterns and had extended collection system to harness rain water. Habuba Kebira (modern Turkey) had Terracotta pipes for transporting water. The shaduf as a water-lifting device from one level to another had its origin in Mesopotamia which later spread to Greece and other parts of Europe. The shaduf usually provides lift of 3 meter and can deliver 500-2500 liters per day (Mays a) Water Management by Indus-Valley Civilization Mohenjo-Daro as the part of Indus Civili zation was built around 2450 BCE. The city had 700 brick-lined wells and it was located in the semi-arid region. The construction of their bath platforms did indicate that water consumption was huge. During those times the city was provided with effluent drains made of brick masonry and stretched along one side of the street with removable covers made of wooden boards or loose bricks. Wall drain chutes were employed so that effluent could flow in a catchment basin. Water management was so elaborate that they had bathrooms in their houses and sewer system in streets. That was perhaps the oldest well-built water collection and disposal system in operation (Mays b). Canals in the Americas – Innovative Water Managementways The earthen canals in Americas are found dating back 6000 to 4500 years in the Central Andean Cordillera region on the banks of Rio Nanchoc River and the canals were used for irrigation to grow peanuts, coca, and cotton crops. Canals in Mesoamerica go back to t he time of 1200 BCE. Water wells in San Marcos, dams, reservoirs, drains and canals were the part of water management system in Morelos, Oaxaca (Dillehay). Water Management by Qanats Qanat fulfilled the need of irrigation in ancient Persia. They are basically underground tunnel taking advantage of gravity flow from the higher elevations to the lower plains. Qanats are equipped with the vertical shafts to provide for lighting and air circulation. The longest (71 kilometer) and oldest (more than 3000 years old) qanat is found at the ancient city of Zarch in Persia. Even today, more than 30,000 qanats are in operation in Iran. The qanat technology spread during Persian rule. In different civilizations, it came to be known with different names such as Karez in Afghanistan

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 32

Case Study Example Talent and succession planning has become an important area of focus as far as organizational leadership is concerned. Many business organizations are coming up with ways of ensuring that they develop among their current staff, which is able to steer them through the changing times to make the organizations successful. This paper examines how the process of talent and succession planning in organizations is taking shape, using the case study of Apple inc., a technology giant in the United States and the world at large. Talent management as used in most multinational organizations refers to the process of implementing systems and strategies that are properly designed and integrated in order to create and enhance the productivity and efficiency of employees. This process can only be achieved through attracting, developing, retaining employees that have aptitudes and skills for meeting current needs and those in future for the business. Talent management can also be described as the chief driver of organizational performance and success by ensuring that the top management is able to have employees that can take on the changing roles and functions in the company. Research reports have indicated that about 85% of all human resource managers in organizations are of the view that one of the greatest obstacles to effective workforce leadership and management is the creation and maintenance of an organisation ability to compete for talent (Cohn, Khurana & Reeves 276). This understanding means that talent management is being ranked as a practice that bears a strategic advantage for companies, especially in these changing times for businesses. Therefore, one of the main functions of effective leadership is to ensure that businesses are better placed create a workforce that will always be there for the present and future success of the company. In response towards the rapidly changing business environment, organizational leaders are supposed to have a

Edward de Vere is the Real Shakespeare Essay Example for Free

Edward de Vere is the Real Shakespeare Essay Edward de Vere was an Earl of Oxford. There is an ongoing debate whether William Shakespeare’s plays were his or these were the creations of Edward de Vere. This debate continues because literary scholars and historians reject this theory but was supported by theater practitioners and researchers. De Vere, also known as Oxford, was called a playwright and poet but his works did not survive. Some of his poetry was anonymously published in â€Å"Arte of English Poesie† in 1589. This was confirmed by the author George Puttenham. Very many noble gentlemen in the Court that have written commendably and suppressed it again, or else suffered it to be published without their own names to it, as it were a discredit for a gentleman, to seem learned, and to show himself amorous of any good art. † (Nelson, 165) Oxford as a dramatist is given proof through the testimony of Francis Meres in â€Å"Palladis Tamia. † He describes his works as â€Å"the best for comedy. † (Whalen, 361). Nonetheless, few of Oxford’s poems and songs are credited to his own name. The dates of these works are uncertain. Most of which are signed â€Å"Earle of Oxenforde† or â€Å"E. O. † When he was alive, Oxford was always in the company of English poets. In 1920, J Thomas Looney presented facts that Oxford was the real author of Shakespeare’s plays. The facts he presented were: a. ) Oxford’s advanced education and first-hand knowledge of an aristocrat’s life b. ) the law c. ) the military c. ) theater background d. ) high praise of Oxford’s works by his peers and e. ) the countless similarities between Oxford’s life and the setting of the plays. Looney’s hypothesis was that Oxford published his works under a pseudonym since it was disgraceful for an aristocrat like him to be writing plays for public theater. (Nelson, 158). This claim was confirmed by Renaissance scholars. Members of the Tudor aristocracy were recognized as reputable poets but none of them published their works. None of Sir Walter Raleigh, Sir Fulke Greville, Sir Edward Dyer and Sir Philip Sidney published their creations despite their recognition in the aristocratic society. (Whalen, 248). Through the ideas presented by Looney, other writers became notable Oxfordians. Sigmund Freud, Mark Twain, columnist Joseph Sobran, biographer and historian David McCullough and actors Orson Welles, Sir Derek Jacobi, Sir John Gielgud and Jeremy Irons all believe that it was Oxford who wrote these plays. (Lindquist, 23) However, there are gaps on Looney’s theory. One is the evidentiary gap such as Oxford’s death in 1604. If he were in fact the real author of Shakespeare’s plays, the he wouldn’t have witnessed the wreck of the Sea Venture in Bermuda and the Gunpowder Plot† which were said to be the allusions to Shakespeare’s dramas â€Å"The Tempest† and â€Å"Macbeth. Then there are writers like Leonard Digges and Ben Jonson who provide concrete evidence that Shakespeare is a reputed poet. (Lindquist, 24) Oxfordians provide proof through the use of modern research that Shakespeare no longer published his plays after 1604. Also, Oxfordian biographers Mark Anderson and William Farina showed research which indicate that the publication of Shakespeare’s plays actually ended in 1604. (Simpson, 34) Aside from Oxford, there are other candidates who are considered to have been the real author of Shakespeare’s plays and sonnets. These are Christopher Marlowe, Francis Bacon and the Earl of Derby. These theories were rejected by academic establishments. Through the ideas and hypothesis of Looney and the Oxfordians, Oxford as the real author of Shakespeare’s works still stands true. (Nelson, 102) A crucial reasoning of why Oxford is the actual author of Shakespeare’s works come in the political topography of â€Å"Hamlet. † (Propson, 13) The Denmark in the play is identical with the biography Oxford has been accustomed in. The play is an imaginative presentation of what Oxford would have done, based on his other works that were published under a pseudonym. Oxfordians continue to present other arguments with such depth and accurate research to back up their hypothesis and their theories. Oxford mastered the understanding and experience that is evident in Shakespeare’s plays. Oxford’s poems also have the same flow as those of Shakespeare’s. He explored and developed the stanzaic and metric forms when writing poetry, just like Shakespeare and his sonnets. (Propson, 15) And just like any aristocrat, he was status-conscious and he needed recognition for his success. He was determined to have his way and would have made it sure to have received credit for his plays or his poetry. So why then would he have allowed this to happen if he actually wrote the plays? Scholars who studied Oxford as a man and the possible Shakespeare describe him as â€Å"a puzzle to his generation. † Oxford was eccentric and creative and he showed varying moods, subtle movements and fierce passions. His words as seen in his poetry are inexplicable and extraordinary. The knowledge and insight of these works cannot be discussed easily, as confirmed by Looney. â€Å"The poetic genius has more or less always been a man apart. † (Whalen, 183) However, those who believe that Shakespeare was the real author of his works scrutinized Oxford’s works as lacking the depth and the conscious knowledge that Shakespeare’s plays and sonnets are known for. (Lindquist, 28). His poetry did not have the level of knowledge or the comprehension of philosophies and advance consciousness of the characters as evident in Shakespeare’s plays. But these facts do not stop Oxfordians from seeing De Vere as the candidate for Shakespeare’s actual authorship. They strongly believe that his capability as a dramatist and poet â€Å"conforms to the mind and capacity and character of Shakespeare. (Simpson, 23) Oxford was generous and often funded patronage to projects that benefited literacy, religion, medicine, philosophy, science and music. Not only was he a poet and playwright, he was also a patron. This proves that Oxford made sure he was recognized. Another question mark is that ten other Shakespearean plays were published after 1604, which was the year Oxford died. (Lindquist) The strongest claim that Oxford is in fact the real Shakespeare is the cumulative parallels of the earl’s life to the works and the specificity of his personal references and concerns as seen in the plays and the poems. Oxford was a pure-bred aristocrat and he has been educated along with other noble families. He had profound literary tastes and through this, has become a lyrical poet. He was a traveler and is quite fashionable. He loved music. This is set alongside the fact that Shakespeare was illiterate. Oxfordians say that Shakespeare would have had a hard time writing his own signature, what more composing plays and sonnets. They also reasoned that in Shakespeare’s will, he never mentioned anything about his plays. The same can be said to Oxford. If he in fact wrote the plays, then why did he not state this in his will? The date and the circumstances of Oxford is the dispute among scholars. The historical records and his way of life are concrete proof that he is aware of the aristocrat’s way of life, compared to Shakespeare, who did not lead a life of luxury. Oxford’s uncle, The Earl of Surrey, originated the sonnet form today which has been used in Shakespeare’s sonnets. (Propson, 46). The question on who wrote this becomes more and more difficult to answer because of this. Oxford received his BA from Cambridge University and his masters from Oxford University. He was also sent to study law at Gray’s Inn. This only comes to show that he is absolutely knowledgeable of the topics that have been discussed in Shakespeare’s 37 plays. Like most of the characters in Shakespeare’s plays, Oxford was not domesticated by marriage. He was famous for getting in trouble which initiated the wrath of his father-in-law. As a young man, Oxford accidentally killed another man. A lot of Shakespeare’s plays show one character killing another. Historical records show that Oxford and his companions traveled on the road from Gravesend to Rochester. This is similar to â€Å"Henry the Fourth, Part One. † For some reason, the account in the play also provides the full detail of the assault that is similar to Oxford and his men. Once Oxfordians dug this information up, they used it as another important bullet point in their hypothesis. Oxford was also notorious for his martial prowess. He excelled in sports. He was also good with words. He knew how to provide a vast content of narrative using vocabulary, metaphor and imagery. This is evident in Shakespeare’s plays. Another factor that adds up to the confirmation of the Oxfordian’s claim is that Oxford conceived theatrical entertainment for the Queen of Whitehall. He was given a lease to the Blackfriars Theater. He was the patron of other writers and he was known by members of various acting companies. He was one of the first recipients of the literary dedications written by writers Edmund Spenser and John Lyly. He was regarded to be one of England’s most excellent writers. To give more proof on the thesis statement of this paper is the fact that Oxford traveled extensively. He visited France and Italy. Sicily provided the backdrop for Shakespeare’s plays set in Italy. Oxford had a home in Venice. His ship was once attacked by pirates during one voyage. Again, this is another scene from one of Shakespeare’s plays – â€Å"Twelfth Night. † Another historical account of Oxford as Shakespeare is when his brother-in-law Peregrin Bertrie reports upon his return that while having a banquet at Elsinore, â€Å"a whole volley of all the great shot of the castle discharged. † This very account is the line of Shakespeare’s Cluadius in â€Å"Hamlet. † (Propson, 42) However, there are still gaps, especially toward the later years of his life. In 1958, there had been anonymous publications and performances of Shakespearean plays like Titus Andronicus, Richard the second and Romeo and Juliet. That time, the first quarto bore the name William Shakespeare as the author. That very year, Francis Meres published his works â€Å"Palladis Tamia† and credits â€Å"Shakespeare. † At the same time, he identifies the playwright Edward de Vere as â€Å"the best for comedy amongst us. † The 1604 problem will always prevent Oxfordian scholars to completely conclude that Oxford is the real Shakespeare but that does not stop them from presenting concrete facts in what they believe in. They reach a point wherein they count the number of plays Shakespeare release in a year. They wondered about the inconsistency. They say that in 1593 to 1603, Shakespeare published two plays in a year. Then he stopped writing in 1604 and started publishing five years later. (Propson, 45) Other Oxfordian claims is the fact that Shakespeare was not mourned for in his death. Upon Mark Twain’s observation, â€Å"When Shakespeare died in Stratford, it was not an event. It made no stir in England than the death of any other forgotten theater-actor would have made. Nobody came down from London; there were no lamenting poems, no eulogies, no national tears – there was merely silence, and nothing more. A striking contrast with what happened when Ben Jonson, and Francis Bacon, and Spencer, and Raleigh and the other literary folk of Shakespeare’s time passed from life! No praiseful voice was lifted for the lost Bard of Avon. † (Simpson, 138) Until now, the Oxfordian theory is popular amongst writers, scholars, researchers and actors. The debate between the Oxfordians and the Stratfordians (those who believe that Shakespeare is the real author of his works) continue.

Bears :: Animals Wildlife Nature Essays

Bears â€Å"If you talk to the animals, they will talk to you, and you will know each other. If you do not talk to them, you will not know them, and what you do not know you will fear. What one fears, one destroys.† This was said by Chief Dan George and is common with many wild animals here in North America; one animal in particular, the bear. There are three different types of bears in North America: brown (or grizzly), polar, and black. The most common in the Northern Virginia area are black bears (Palmer & Lickley, 2001). Though the Native Americans respected and even revered bears, they became a symbol of danger, aggression, violence, and fear for the white man as he moved onto Native American lands. Today, people fear bears because of stories they’ve heard about attacks, movies they’ve watched, or various personal reasons, but here is a different story. Bear attacks are very rare. Over the past one hundred years, fewer than fifty people have died from grizzly bear attacks, and only one hundred and fifty such attacks have been reported as serious (Animal Planet, 2004). Bears do not attack just because they are bears and it’s their nature; in fact, they are not naturally aggressive. Past and current events have affected bears and the way people view them, but bears are not vicious creatures that attack at will. Encounters with bears do not have to be horrible; there are steps a person can take to ensure their own safety and the safety of the bear. First, why do bears attack? Bears are animals and act instinctively in order to survive. They are omnivores, so they eat both meat and plants, such as berry or flowered plants, rodents, and fish. Bears are social, predictable (if you understand them), curious about their environment, and they don’t have an agenda. They live in a dominance hierarchy and they are not territorial, but they will defend their personal space (Emerald Air Service, 2004). Every bear varies and has a different comfort zone. Some bears, usually younger ones, will approach objects they are curious about within two inches, while other bears don’t get within two miles of something new.

Review of New Types of Relation Extraction Methods

This is explained by the fact that patterns do not tend to uniquely identify the given relation. The systems which participated in MUCH and deal with relation extraction also rely on rich rules for identifying relations (Fought et al. 1 998; Gargling et al. 1998; Humphreys et al. 1998). Humphreys et al. 1998) mention that they tried to add only those rules which were (almost) certain never to generate errors in analysis; therefore, they had adopted a low recall and high precision approach. However, in this case, many relations may be missed due to the lack of unambiguous rules to extract them.To conclude, knowledge-based methods are not easily portable to other domains and involve too much manual labor. However, they can be used effectively if the main aim is to get results quickly in well-defined domains and document collections. 5 Supervised Methods Supervised methods rely on a training set where domain-specific examples eave been tagged. Such systems automatically learn extractors for relations by using machine-learning techniques. The main problem of using these methods is that the development of a suitably tagged corpus can take a lot of time and effort.On the other hand, these systems can be easily adapted to a different domain provided there is training data. There are different ways that extractors can be learnt in order to solve the problem of supervised relation extraction: kernel methods (Shoo and Grossman 2005; Bunches and Mooney 2006), logistic regression (Kamala 2004), augmented parsing (Miller et al. 2000), Conditional Random Fields CRY) (Calcutta et al. 2006). In RE in general and supervised RE in particular a lot of research was done for IS-A relations and extraction of taxonomies.Several resources were built based on collaboratively built Wisped (YOGA – (Issuance et al. 2007); Depended – (Rue et al. 2007); Freebase – (Blacker et al. 2008); Wicking (Instates et al. 2010)). In general, Wisped is becoming more and more popula r as a source for RE. E. G. (Opponent and Strobe 2007; Unguent et al. AAA, b, c). Query logs are also considered a valuable source of information for RE and their analysis is even argued to give better results than other suggested methods in the field (Passes 2007, 2009). 5. 19 Weakly-supervised Methods Some supervised systems also use bootstrapping to make construction of the training data easier. These methods are also sometimes referred to as â€Å"huckleberries information extraction†. Bring (1998) describes the DIPPER (Dual Iterative Pattern Relation Expansion) method used for identifying authors of the books. It uses an initial small set of seeds or a set of hand- constructed extraction patterns to begin the training process. After the occurrences of needed information are found, they are further used for recognition of new patterns.Regardless of how promising bootstrapping can seem, error propagation becomes a serious problem: mistakes in extraction at the initial stag es generate more mistakes at later stages and decrease the accuracy of the extraction process. For example, errors that expand to named entity recognition, e. G. Extracting incomplete proper names, result in choosing incorrect seeds for the next step of bootstrapping. Another problem that can occur is that of semantic drift. This happens when senses of the words are not taken into account and therefore each iteration results in a move from the original meaning.Some researchers (Korea and How 2010; Hove et al. 2009; Korea et al. 2008) have suggested ways to avoid this problem and enhance the performance of this method by using doubly- anchored patterns (which include both the class name and a class member) as well as graph structures. Such patterns have two anchor seed positions â€Å"{type} such as {seed} and *† and also one open position for the terms to be learnt, for example, pattern â€Å"Presidents such as Ford and {X}† can be used to learn names of the presidents .Graphs are used for storing information about patterns, found words and links to entities they helped to find. This data is further used for calculating popularity and productivity of the candidate words. This approach helps to enhance the accuracy of bootstrapping and to find high-quality information using only a few seeds. Korea (2012) employs a similar approach for the extraction Of cause-effect relations, where the pattern for bootstrapping has a form of â€Å"X and Y verb Z†, for example, and virus cause Human-based evaluation reports 89 % accuracy on 1500 examples. Self-supervised Systems Self-supervised systems go further in making the process of information extraction unsupervised. The Knolling Web II system (Edition et al. 2005), an example of a self-supervised system, learns â€Å"to label its own training examples using only a small set of domain-independent extraction patterns†. It uses a set of generic patterns to automatically instantiate relation-specif ic extraction rules and then learns domain-specific extraction rules and the whole process is repeated iteratively. The Intelligence in Wisped (IPP) project (Weld et al. 2008) is another example of a self-supervised system.It bootstraps from the Wisped corpus, exploiting the fact that each article corresponds to a primary object and that any articles contain infusions (brief tabular information about the article). This system is able to use Wisped infusions as a starting point for training 20 the classifiers for the page type. IPP trains extractors for the various attributes and they can later be used for extracting information from general Web pages. The disadvantage of IPP is that the amount of relations described in Wisped infusions is limited and so not all relations can be extracted using this method. . 1 Open Information Extraction Edition et al. (2008) introduced the notion of Open Information Extraction, which is opposed to Traditional Relation Extraction. Open information e xtraction is â€Å"a novel extraction paradigm that tackles an unbounded number of relations†. This method does not presuppose a predefined set of relations and is targeted at all relations that can be extracted. The Open Relation extraction approach is relatively a new one, so there is only a small amount of projects using it. Texturing (Bank and Edition 2008; Bank et al. 2007) is an example of such a system.A set of relinquishment's lexicon-syntactic patterns is used to build a relation- independent extraction model. It was found that 95 % Of all relations in English can be described by only 8 general patterns, e. G. â€Å"El Verb E â€Å". The input of such a system is only a corpus and some relation-independent heuristics, relation names are not known in advance. Conditional Random Fields (CRY) are used to identify spans of tokens believed to indicate explicit mentions of relationships between entities and the whole problem of relation extraction is treated as a problem of sequence labeling.The set of linguistic features used in this system is similar to those used by other state of-the-art relation extraction systems and includes e. G. Part-of-speech tags, regular expressions for detection of capitalization and punctuation, context words. At this stage of development this system â€Å"is able to extract instances of the four most frequently observed relation types: Verb, Noun+Prep, Verb+Prep and Infinitive†. It has a number of limitations, which are however common to all RE systems: it extracts only explicitly expressed relations that are primarily word-based; relations should occur between entity names within the same sentence.Bank and Edition (2008) report a precision of 88. 3 % and a recall of 45. 2 Even though the system shows very good results the relations are not pacified and so there are difficulties in using them in some other systems. Output Of the system consists Of tepees stating there is some relation between two entities, but there is no generalization of these relations. Www and Weld (2010) combine the idea of Open Relation Extraction and the use of Wisped infusions and produce systems called Weepers and Weeps . Weepers improves Texturing dramatically but it is 30 times slower than Texturing.However, Weeps does not have this disadvantage and still shows an improved F-measure over Texturing between 1 5 % to 34 % on three corpora. Fader et al. 201 1) identify several flaws in previous works in Open Information Extraction: â€Å"the learned extractors ignore both â€Å"holistic† aspects of the relation phrase (e. G. , is it contiguous? ) as well as lexical aspects (e. G. , how many instances of this relation are there? )†. They target these problems by introducing syntactic constraints (e. G. , they require the relation phrase to match the POS tag 21 pattern) and lexical constraints.Their system Revere achieves an AUK which is 30 % better than WOE (Www and Weld 201 0) and Texturing (Bank and Denton 2008). Unshackles et al. (AAA) approach this problem from another angle. They try to mine for patterns expressing various relations and organism then in hierarchies. They explore binary relations between entities and employ frequent items mining (Augural et al. 1993; Syrians and Augural 1 996) to identify the most frequent patterns. Their work results in a resource called PATTY which contains 350. 69 pattern sunsets and substitution relations and achieves 84. 7 % accuracy. Unlike Revere (Fader et al. 201 1) which constrains patterns to verbs or verb phrases that end with prepositions, PATTY can learn arbitrary patterns. The authors employ so called syntactic- ontological-lexical patterns (SOL patterns). These patterns constitute a sequence of words, POS-tags, wildcats, and ontological types. For example, the pattern â€Å"persons [ads] voice * song† would match the strings my Heinousness soft voice in Rehab and Elvis Presley solid voice in his song All shook up.Their approach is based on collecting dependency paths from the sentences where two named entities are tagged (YACHT (Hoffa et al. 2011) is used as a database of all Ones). Then the textual pattern is extracted by finding the shortest paths connecting two entities. All of these patterns are transformed into SOL (abstraction of a textual pattern). Frequent items quinine is used for this: all textual patterns are decomposed into n-grams (n consecutive words). A SOL pattern contains only the n-grams that appear frequently in the corpus and the remaining word sequences are replaced by wildcats.The support set of the pattern is described as the set of pairs of entities that appear in the place Of the entity placeholders in all strings in the corpus that match the pattern. The patterns are connected in one sunset (so are considered synonymous) if their supporting sets coincide. The overlap of the supporting sets is also employed to identify substitution relations between various sunsets. . 2 Di stant Learning Mint et al. (2009) introduce a new term â€Å"distant supervision†. The authors use a large semantic database Freebase containing 7,300 relations between 9 million named entities.For each pair of entities that appears in Freebase relation, they identify all sentences containing those entities in a large unlabeled corpus. At the next step textual features to train a relation classifier are extracted. Even though the 67,6 % of precision achieved using this method has room for improvement, it has inspired many researchers to further investigate in this direction. Currently there are a number of papers ring to enhance â€Å"distant learning† in several directions. Some researchers target the heuristics that are used to map the relations in the databases to the texts, for example, (Takeouts et al. 01 2) argue that improving matching helps to make data less noisy and therefore enhances the quality of relation extraction in general. Hay et al. (2010) propose us ing an undirected graphical model for relation extraction which employs â€Å"distant learning' but enforces selection preferences. Ridded et al. (2010) reports 31 % error reduction compared to (Mint et al. 2009). 22 Another problem that has been addressed is language ambiguity (Hay et al. 01 1, 2012). Most methods cluster shallow or syntactic patterns of relation mentions, but consider only one possible sense per pattern.However, this assumption is often violated in reality. Hay et al. (201 1) uses generative probabilistic models, where both entity type constraints within a relation and features on the dependency path between entity mentions are exploited. This research is similar to DIRT (Line and Panatela 2001 ) which explores distributional similarity of dependency paths in order to discover different representations of the same semantic relation. However, Hay et al. (2011) employ another approach and apply IDA (Belie et al. 2003) with a slight modification: observations are re lation tepees and not words.So as a result of this modification instead of representing semantically related words, the topic latent variable represents a relation type. The authors combine three models: Reel-LAD, Reel-LDAP and Type-LAD. In the third model the authors split the features of a duple into relation level features and entity level features. Relation level features include the dependency path, trigger, lexical and POS features; entity level features include the entity mention itself and its named entity tag. These models output clustering of observed relation tepees and their associated textual expressions.

The Case Of Sally Walden Of Resintech - 1628 Words

Society is full of creative minds that has help shaped our world. These creative minds have invented such things as electricity, automobile, television, and the development of new innovations that improves a generation. According to Hohenberg, Innovation commercialization is an important managerial challenge which depends heavily on the sales force for its success (Hohenberg 114). In the case of Sally Walden of ResinTech, a new innovation has been developed but not fully accepted. Walden is faced with evaluating the company’s present situation, what she should do with this new idea, and how her managers will decided whether or not to continue supporting her idea for the foam-dome concept. Innovation is essential to firms if they want to maintain competitive advantage, fulfill customer s needs, wants, and expectations and perform well in the market. It s important for firms to know how to identify innovative opportunities such as developing a new product or transforming existing products into new product development. â€Å"Innovation is the multi-stage process whereby organizations transform ideas into new/improved products, services or processes, in order to advance, compete and differentiate themselves successfully in their marketplace† (Baregheh, Rowley, Sambrook, 2009, p. 1334). In order for a firm to be successful in new product development they must take into account that this development is divided into five critical stages. The process begins with stage one idea